Slovak Adjectives

Unlike English, Slovak adjectives always agree with the noun they refer to.
This means that the endings of adjectives change to match the noun they modify, in gender, number and case.

gender (feminine, masculine or neuter)
number (singular or plural)
case (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, locative or instrumental)

This allows you to describe different sizes and a variety of qualities such as, easy or difficult.
Furthermore, a distinction is made between hard and soft adjectives.
The adjective is placed before the noun.

💬 Please practise with the following examples.
červené auto ‒ a red car
ťažký kufor ‒ a heavy suitcase
Môžeš prosím ťa niesť moje ťažké kufre? ‒ Can you please carry my heavy suitcases?

Hard adjectives

Most adjectives in Slovak belong to the group of hard adjectives.
Hard masculine adjectives end in -ý , feminine end in -á and neutral end in -é.

💬 The declension of the hard adjectives uses the example:
mlad-ý/-á/-é (m/f/n) ‒ young

Declension of hard adjectives → Singular
	masculine animate	masculine inanimate	feminine	neuter
Nominative	mladý	mladý	mladá	mladé
Genitive	mladého	mladého	mladej	mladého
Dative	mladému	mladému	mladej	mladému
Accusative	mladého	mladý	mladú	mladé
Locative	mladom	mladom	mladej	mladom
Instrumental	mladým	mladým	mladou	mladým

Declension of hard adjectives → Plural
	masculine animate	masculine inanimate	feminine	neuter
Nominative	mladí	mladé	mladé	mladé
Genitive	mladých	mladých	mladých	mladých
Dative	mladým	mladým	mladým	mladým
Accusative	mladých	mladé	mladé	mladé
Locative	mladých	mladých	mladých	mladých
Instrumental	mladými	mladými	mladými	mladými

The soft adjectives

Soft adjectives end in a so-called soft consonants (c, dz, č, ď, j, ň, š, ť, ž, v).
💬 Example:
cudz -í/-ia/-ie (m/f/n)‒ foreign, alien

Declension of soft adjectives → Singular
	masculine animate	masculine inanimate	feminine	neuter
Nominative	cudzí	cudzí	cudzia	cudzie
Genitive	cudziemu	cudzieho	cudzej	cudzieho
Dative	cudzieho	cudziemu	cudzej	cudziemu
Accusative	cudzieho	cudzí	cudziu	cudzie
Locative	cudzom	cudzom	cudzej	cudzom
Instrumental	cudzím	cudzím	cudzou	cudzím

Declension of soft adjectives → Plural
	masculine animate	masculine inanimate	feminine	neuter
Nominative	cudzí	cudzie	cudzie	cudzie
Genitive	cudzích	cudzích	cudzích	cudzích
Dative	cudzím	cudzím	cudzím	cudzím
Accusative	cudzích	cudzie	cudzie	cudzie
Locative	cudzích	cudzích	cudzích	cudzích
Instrumental	cudzími	cudzími	cudzími	cudzími

➠ The comparison of adjectives

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Slovak Adjectives

Hard adjectives

The soft adjectives

Slovak grammar

Introduction

Nouns

Adjectives & Adverbs

Verbs

Pronouns

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